Chung to "soften" Cheney

OK I saw this and had to take a quick poke at it.

Unification Minister Chung Dong-young will visit the U.S. from Wednesday to
Saturday, apparently with a view to softening up Washington’s leading hardliner.

Well, good luck to him. If he can accomplish that I guess he is more of a politician than I give him credit for (not that that is a good thing).

So it is going to get even more expensive?

So I was reading this caption in the Chosun today and this part made me wonder;

"In order to reduce the costs of unification, we must quickly unify, and North
Korea must end its one-sided devotion to politics and the military and open up
substantially,” Prof. Hwang Eui-gak of Korea University

How much more will they really have to spend?

So far it is estimated that S. Korea Gave North US$3.5 Billion Since 1995 and that

Total South Korea aid until 1998 totaled $306.2 million, including Seoul's
contribution to the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization. But when
the Kim Dae-jung administration took office, aid to the North increased,
recording $706.5 million in 2000 and $584.9 million in 2002. Since the start of
the Roh Moo-hyun administration, annual aid to the North has been in excess of
$500 million.

I also read through this RAND report last month that stated some wild numbers.

The truth is I am not really sure that an estimate could in any way be accurate. They are trying their best to compare it to the German model (in GDP %s and population comparisons) but the Korean peninsula is a unique entity unto itself.

To truly estimate the costs of unification one must quantify 1) any long lasting effects of DPRK "education" on the people of the North, 2) the actual situation in the North right now (estimates are there but few really know the numbers), 3) the Korean spirit must be understood and managed.

If a strong leader was to bring the peninsula together under a common vision and direction I truly think that any costs would be moot. The question then comes; what direction would a unified Korea take?

The Korean War

Well, I really don't have enough time to write my thoughts on this but I did start on this day so many years ago.

Some have argued back and forth of who started it. I would like (in some ways), to go to the DPRK and "hear them out" as to their theories on how the war was started.

Yes, I know Rhee was an idiot and an egomaniac that wanted to start something/anything with the North. But from all my readings he simply did not have the means. The South at the time was militaity not able and the US had no real want to involve itself (I know McArthur wanted to but those above him preferred to draw different lines).

Kim as well seemed to be chomping at the bit to get his hands deeper into the South. The situation seems different though when looking at his backers. Initially it seems the Soviets did not want a "Korean front", but after being assured that "it owuld be a quick victory" they allowed Kim to roll into the South.

Now the simple fact is... I was not there. However, just looking at it from a strategic stand point, it would be a huge leap for me to understand how the South attacked and within moments the North was able to muster a massive sweep in retaliation. Eventually leading clear down to Busan, honestly, the legistics for that takes planning and I do not see how it could simply be explained away as a counter-attack.

Like I said, I don't know who started the war, I'm just sorry it ever happened.


Lest we forget.

Play nice

Well, I guess everyone has to

eventually kiss and make up.

Why not us?

Korean education?

Well it seems that some Korean Elementary school kids are doing their part to show Japan just how much the ROK hates it.


GORD does some nice picture taking here.




Apparently he saw these at Gyulhyeon Station


And while I do not agree with all of his conclusions (the history debate is quite interesting though) he does shine light on the sad fact of brain-washing in the Korean system. I wish I could say it was only the DPRK that is responsible but... the South all too often shows its proficiency in the area as well.

Funny DPRK humor

OK, they may not think they are funny, but the rest of the world does.




This guy actually looks like has some fun with it. Surprisingly the Korea Times seems to agree with him.

``The KCNA’s humor stems from its hyperbolic prose, strange sense of
priorities, absurd assertions that often violate common sense, and an
extreme disconnection with the rest of the world,’’ he said.

And if you haven't seen it yet, please take a momnet and watch TEAM AMERICA. If not for the great "I'm so loney" song by Kim then just for the puppet sex!

Some more fall-out form the visit.

Well it appears that not everyone was impressed by everything in regards to last weeks meeting between Chung and Kim. The Chosun said this about a particular part.

The discussions aside, the time has come for us to think about Kim Jong-il's way
of treating South Korean leaders. That Kim behaves like some potentate granting
an audience at the last moment and without giving any advance notice whether he
will meet senior South Korean officials does not conform to our traditional
etiquette, to say nothing of international diplomatic protocol.

They present a pitiful sight, our leaders, hankering after an audience with Kim Jong-il and waiting upon the pleasure of the great man. It is difficult to see how they could under these circumstances have gone into the meeting thoroughly prepared and with a steady heart.

However, it appears that Chung is already spending his political capital. Unification minister calls for bills on inter-Korean relations and from what I just heard on the news tonight, the North is already asking for more donations. Apparently the fertilizer that was already given didn't quite fit the bill for the visit with Kim.

The picture

How much Chung will milk out of this, I am not sure. But I notice "his" web site already has the info up. Me thinks he might have prepared it before hand.

http://www.unikorea.go.kr/en/
Results and Significance of Presidential Special Envoy Chung Dong-young’s visit to North Korea
→ Made proactive and leading efforts for the resolution ofthe North Korean nuclear issue through frank exchanges ofviews and persuasion on the North Korean nuclear issue.

→ On the occasion of commemorating the August 15th National Liberation Day, there will be reunion of separated families as well as video reunion; on the occasion of the joint inter-Korean celebration of the sixtieth anniversary marking the liberation day of August 15, North Korea will dispatch high-level governmental delegation; there will be consultations on measures for establishing peace on the West Sea including resumption of general-level military talks as well as fishery-officials talks.

→ The establishment of mutual trust and respect throughan indirect dialogue held between President Roh and Chairman Kim for the first time after the Participatory Government was launched is expected to lay a firm basis for future development of inter- Korean relations.

→ He explained the results of the Korea-U.S. Summit meeting held on June 11, the Korean government’s effort to resolve the nuclear issue in a diplomatic and peaceful manner, and urged the North to return to the six-party talks at the earliest date possible.

→ Chairman Kim Jong-il referred to President Bush as “His Excellency” and stated that he was “a good person to talk with.”

→ If a new direct air route crossing over the Military Demarcation Line opens between Seoul and Pyongyang, it will not only save time and cost, but will also contribute to easing military tension on the Korean Peninsula.

Well, isn't that interesting. The truth is, the majority of the points are fine and it seems, that for the most part, Chung was doing his job. The whole "direct air route" has me a bit baffled though. With no ROK nationals being able to legally go north, I guess this is only for the elite.

Maybe then it would be easier to get pictures like this!

Bah! Chung got his wish

So I was hoping that during their trip to the North this week, the South Korean contingent (lead by Chung Dong Young) would not get to meet with Kim Jong-il. Not because I fear the outcome of the meeting (as in potentilas in unification), but rather because ANY news from this meeting will be milked by Chung in his bid for greater glory.

Bah! He seems to have gotten at least a bit.

http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050617/610000000020050617225025E8.html
Chung had a one-on-one meeting with Kim for two and a half hours and an additional two-hour, 20-minute lunch session with the North Korean leader along with several other South Korean officials and civilians.

http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200506/200506170026.html
Chung reportedly briefed Kim on the outcome of the June 10 South Korea-U.S. summit, including an American offer of security guarantees and an offer of help from Seoul in normalizing ties between Pyongyang and Washington if North Korea gives up its nuclear weapons.


I'm really not looking forward to this milking.

S.K. government delegates to stay in top guest house in Pyongyang

http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050614/630000000020050614211940E2.html


2005/06/14 21:19 KST (4th LD) S.K. government delegates to stay in top guest house in Pyongyang
PYONGYANG, June 14 (Yonhap) -- A group of 40 former and current government officials from South Korea will be put up at the Baekhwawon Guest House in Pyongyang, where former South Korean President Kim Dae-jung stayed for his June 15, 2000 summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-il, a participating official said Tuesday.
The delegates, who came here earlier in the day to attend four days of events to mark the fifth anniversary of the historic inter-Korean summit talks in 2000, were supposed to stay at two lower-level state guest houses, but North Korea changed their accommodations to the Baehwhawon Guest House, accepting the South's request, according to the official.

OK, so the South Korean Gov. officials are basking in the warmth of DPRK hospitality while thousands are suffering from malnutrition. I'm sure they are having a ball up there; women, neng-myon, making fun of Americans. The thing that has me is, why stay in a guest house? Why not stay at The Ryugyong Hotel ()!!)? Oh wait, I know... Because it was never finished! Personally I think they should have stayed in it anyways. It would have gave them valuable insight into how the DPRK actually opperates. Imagine this postcard...

Common, I know you want to be one of the first guests. If you go now, you may not get to steal any towels but you sure will get an unobstructed view (as in NO WINDOWS).

Good news

http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050614/410100000020050614223240E4.html
Commercial whaling unlikely in future: Int'l Whaling Commission chair
ULSAN, South Korea -- Commercial whaling will not be possible in the foreseeable future, the head of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) said here Tuesday.In a news briefing in Ulsan, 414 kilometers southeast of Seoul, Henrik Fischer said that there was too much opposition to allow the killing of whales.


Now most of my friends know that I'm a big fan of sushi and that I have often tried "exotic foods". whale meat though, is something I'd never try. Yes, the picture looks awful (but so would any pic from a slaughter house), but for anyone to eat an endangered animal just seems wrong to me. I hope they continue the whaling ban but I fear that already countries are looking the other way when it comes to this issue. Japan has nurtured its support, and with countries like MONGOLIA (a land locked nation) voting with it, Japan might very well be able to hunt these beasts to extinction.

formal arrest of Daewoo founder

http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050614/610000000020050614203634E0.html
SEOUL, June 14 (Yonhap) -- Daewoo Group founder Kim Woo-choong, who was taken into custody early Tuesday morning after returning from nearly six years in exile overseas, will be formally arrested on fraud charges Wednesday at the earliest, the prosecution said...


Kim faces three primary charges -- doctoring accounting books to inflate the group's assets by 41 trillion won (US$40.8 billion), borrowing 9.2 trillion won on the basis of the fraudulent books and smuggling about 25 trillion won abroad through Daewoo's secret financing unit, the British Finance Center.

So, he hid money and gave it to politicians and sent some over seas. Hmmm, I guess if he instead gave it to the DPRK he would have got a Nobel Prize?

Ok, you have to subscribe to the NY times to read this so I thought I'd post the whole thing. Although he takes a few steps I wouldn't, I still found myself nodding along to many of his points.
http://www.nytimes.com/auth/login?URI=http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/09/opinion/09becker.html&OP=4669f8d/21Q25x2hQ5B!wQ27Q5BQ5BU525Q5EQ5EJ2Q5ES2Q5EQ3C2Q5BmgQ5DgQ5BQ5D2Q5EQ3CxQ25!XQ25Q27WeUQ24p
By JASPER BECKER
Published: June 9, 2005
Beijing
THERE are hopes that President Bush’s meeting tomorrow with President Roh Moo Hyun of South Korea, coming on the heels of the latest North Korean overture on restarting nuclear-weapons negotiations, may lead to a breakthrough. However, anyone who expects the South to help us put pressure on the North hasn’t been paying much attention to what has happened between the two countries over the last five years.

Since South Korea’s president at the time, Kim Dae Jung, met with North Korea’s Kim Jong Il in 2000 (and pocketed a Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts), Seoul has gone to remarkable lengths to gain the North’s trust. Unsurprisingly, the only real changes under this Sunshine Policy have occurred in South Korea. And efforts by President Roh, who was elected in 2002, to engage Kim Jong Il have led him to plunge his own nation into North Korea’s world of lies.
Actually, it has affect TOO much change in the South. Acording to many defector testimonies, they feel the South "is not ready for the true brutality of the North".
For example, Seoul no longer sees any evidence of North Korea’s crimes: the government tries to keep South Korean newscasts from showing a smuggled tape of the public execution of “criminals” by the North that has been broadcast in Japan and elsewhere; reports that China is shipping refugees back to North Korea are denied by the Roh government; the North’s testing of chemical weapons on live prisoners goes largely unmentioned; and even Pyongyang’s apparent preparations for nuclear weapons tests are played down.
South Korea, a member of the United Nations Human Rights Commission, has abstained for the last three years from voting to condemn the North for its abuses. The South’s latest national defense white paper even indicates that Seoul no longer considers the North to be its “main enemy” - which implies that the presence of American forces on the peninsula is no longer necessary.
They current regime WILL however go out of its way to try and tear down (former) president Parks reputation buy calling him a dictator. I guess he must have been worse than Kimmy.
Because Seoul chooses to regard the North as a friendly neighbor, it no longer wants to help North Koreans fleeing the regime - even though its Constitution declares that these refugees have the legal right to become citizens of South Korea. There have been press reports that Seoul has been pressuring China to prevent North Korean escapees from seeking asylum in South Korea’s embassy and consulates in China (there are at least 100,000 North Koreans hiding in China).
I'm waiting for the day that they try to change that part of the constitution. For some reason I can picture Chong Dong Young initiating it.
Last year, when 468 North Korean refugees who had taken refuge in Vietnam were flown into South Korea, Seoul’s minister in charge of reunification declared that “we disapprove of mass defections” and promised there would not be another large-scale movement of refugees. In December, the ministry cut the “resettlement” grant program for escaped Northerners by two-thirds and announced that henceforth there would be far greater scrutiny of asylum-seekers (on the questionable grounds that these refugees might be spies).
Any guesses who said that? (hint, it is in yellow for a reason)
President Roh has defended this approach by more or less throwing up his hands. He refuses to give even moral support to dissidents in the North, claiming that Kim Jong Il would ruthlessly crush any protests. For Mr. Roh, there is no chance his “partner for peace” will fall from power; in fact, he makes clear that he would not wish the regime to crumble any time soon.

So, what has President Roh received for all this appeasement? The South still has to keep paying in hard cash for any political or economic contacts to take place - it even has to bribe the North to take part in tae kwon do competitions. No reunions among families who have been divided since the armistice of 1953 have taken place in the last year; the previous rounds of reunions received a lot of positive news media coverage around the world but consisted of only brief encounters involving a small number of elderly people wanting to meet loved ones before they die. And, of course, the entire world has to put up with Pyongyang’s nuclear shell game.
As posted a yesterday, it looks like the talks are back on... AFTER the South send XXX tons of shit to the North. Way to go guys!!
Many of those pushing the Sunshine Policy came of age while trying to force South Korea’s postwar dictators to step down; they believe that the North can follow their model, in which economic gains paved the way for democracy. But forcing North Koreans to remain under Kim Jong Il’s rule and hoping that he will make gradual reforms is unlikely to bear fruit.

North Korea undertook some economic changes in 2002, but they actually left the people worse off. A United Nations World Food Program report last month noted that the market price of rice in North Korea has nearly tripled and that of maize has quadrupled in the last year. And of course it is the government, with its monopoly on commodities, that reaps the profits from high prices.

Kim Jong Il has conned the South’s big businesses as well as its government, luring them in with offers of exclusive concessions. For example, in 2000 the automaker Hyundai gave the North $500 million in exchange for a promise that it would be awarded all the major civil engineering projects Pyongyang would undertake after it received an influx of foreign aid. Hyundai has yet to realize any profit from the deal and its chairman, who faced criminal charges stemming from his dealings with the North, killed himself in 2003.
And now the Incheon mayor has pledged to help rebuild the Ryugyong Hotel at a cost of about $500 gazillion.
WHY does Seoul pay so dearly to prop up the criminal regime? It has claimed that if North Korea were to collapse, it would cost $1.7 trillion to rebuild it, a sum that would cripple the South’s treasury. But this figure seems preposterous. Given its population of about 23 million people, the North would need an emergency influx of only about $1 billion a year to pay for food, medicines and fuel until it got back on its feet. South Korea, with its trillion-dollar gross domestic product, could easily afford this.

Nor is Seoul necessarily correct to assume that the collapse of the North would lead to an exodus of desperate people to the South. After ridding themselves of the criminal regime, wouldn’t those in the North be just as likely to stay in their homes than to flee south as paupers? The huge need for capital investment in the North would probably create an economic boom, just as it has done in China over the last 25 years. With Mr. Kim gone, South Korean conglomerates and international agencies like the World Bank would be eager to invest in new power stations and factories. Unification is more likely to provide a boost to the South Korean economy than to damage it.

But beyond the economic factors, we must consider the moral ones. South Korea is seeking to keep a tyrant in power against the wishes of his own people. At 63, Kim Jong Il has spent a lifetime in a paranoid and claustrophobic dictatorship. If he were going to become a reformer, we would surely know it by now. And even if against all odds he undertook reforms, he is still personally responsible for a manmade famine that has killed 3 million people over the last decade. Would Pol Pot have been given a second chance if he had vowed to open Cambodia’s markets?

Rather than coddling Kim Jong Il and paying him nuclear blackmail, we should be working to arraign him before an international criminal tribunal, just as we did with the murdering leaders of Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. Yes, it is highly unlikely we would ever get him before such a court, but simply making the symbolic effort might get leaders in China, Japan, South Korea and the West to envision just how attractive a post-Kim era would be for everyone.

he finishes really weak but the begining to middle parts are quite decent IMO.

So, I wonder...

I wonder if Mr. Chung (from the so called Unification ministry) is going to ask these people to "be quiet and not cause any trouble."

http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050608/410100000020050608184509E2.html
Seven N. Koreans seek refugees in Thai embassy in Vietnam
By Kim Kwang-taeSEOUL, June 8 (Yonhap) -- Seven North Koreans, including five members of a family, barged into the Thai embassy in Vietnam in an apparent asylum bid, a South Korean human rights official in Seoul said Wednesday.The three male and four female North Koreans entered the Thai mission around 2:05 p.m. (local time), according to Kang Sun-kyu, who said she had received a phone call from a South Korean Christian activist in Vietnam.

You know... they just started talking again with the North after a year of "silence" because the DPRK was miffed that the south let in a whole plane load from Vietnam (of defectors). This is only a small family but I wouldn't be surprised if the north asked for more fertilizer or something...

Just to save face of course.

They call him "MR."

Well it seems the North is latching onto any form of "respect" they can salvage.
http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050603/630000000020050603153737E3.html
N. Korea elated by Bush's use of "Mr." for Kim Jong-il
By Kim Kwang-taeSEOUL, June 3 (Yonhap) -- North Korea said Friday that it will closely watch whether U.S. President George W. Bush's recent use of "Mr." when he refers to its leader Kim Jong-il means a shift in Washington's "hostile" policy toward it.
North Korea has reacted angrily whenever Bush and other U.S. officials criticized its leadership and system, vowing not to rejoin stalled six-nation talks on its nuclear weapons program.
But on Friday, the North held out the prospect of improvement in its relations with the United States, saying that "We take note of this (the use of Mr. by Bush).""If Bush's remarks put an end to the scramble between the hawkish group and the moderate group in the U.S., which has thrown the Korean policy into a state of confusion, it would help create an atmosphere of the six-party talks," a spokesman for the North's foreign ministry said in a report carried by the North's Korean Central News Agency.

The spokesman, whose name was not identified in the KCNA report, said a softened U.S. stance toward his communist country's leadership and system could help reopen the six-nation talks which have been stalled for almost a year.The spokesman specifically demanded that U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice retract her earlier description of North Korea as an "outpost of tyranny," a demand already rejected by Rice."If the U.S. truly wants a peaceful solution to the nuclear issue, it should make a bold decision to withdraw the remark 'an outpost of tyranny' to remove the biggest hurdle lying in the way of resuming the six-party talks," the North's spokesman said.

Some experts said the North may be looking for an excuse to return to the negotiating table."North Korea for sure has the intentions to come out for the six-way talks," Koh Yu-hwan, a North Korean affairs professor at Seoul's Dongguk University, said. "They are now appealing to U.S. leaders not to eliminate the minimum available conditions for dialogue."Earlier this year, Bush denounced the North's leader as a "tyrant" who starves his people. In April, Bush again attacked him, calling him a "dangerous person" who operates "huge concentration camps." North Korea countered by vilifying Bush as a "hooligan" and a "philistine."In Friday's statement, the North's spokesman referred to Bush as "president" and avoied any derogatory comments on him.

There is no clear sign that Bush has changed his negative view of the North's leader. But at a White House news conference on May 31, Bush called Kim using "Mr." and said he believed that diplomacy would produce a breakthrough in the 32-month nuclear impasse.As late as Thursday, North Korea vowed to stay away from the dialogue table, taking issue with U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney's description of its leader as "one of the world's most irresponsible leaders."The North retaliated by calling Cheney "the most cruel monster and blood-thirsty beast" who "has drenched various parts of the world in blood."Three rounds of six-nation talks, which include the two Koreas,the Untied States, China, Japan and China ended without a breakthrough. A fourth meeting, scheduled before the end of last year, did not take place due to a North Korean boycott.


This pretty much supports my theory that the regime in the North simply wants respect. It will join ANY group that will let it in (namely the non-alligned movement) and for the most part it just wants to be recognized as something other than "that goofy state". The South has succeeded in "getting whole world" to acknowledge it, now the North is wanting the same.

Too bad they think that outlandish statements will do the trick.

NK human rights

Well I went to this "conferance" on North korean human right over at Korea University. Honestly, it was a bit of a dissapointment. I know, I know, you're probably saying "But Juggy, you can't speak Korean!!" And yes, that did play into my lack of enjoyment, but the truth of it is the 20 or so other people there seemed unenthused as well. For such a potentially passionate subject, those in attendance were more than sedate.


Thanks to the Marmot for the heads up, but hopefully next time I'll find a crowd more to my liking.
http://blog.marmot.cc/archives/2005/05/31/looking-at-north-korea-2005/#comments

Slightly conflicting

A few days ago I read about how the DPRKs economy continued to climb this year.
http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200506/200506030024.html
but now I hear that they need more food aid and that they will be going through another difficult time like in the 90s.
http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200506/200506020019.html
Hungry N.Koreans Mobilized for '2nd Difficult March'

Food shortages in North Korea became so bad in mid-May that Pyongyang told its citizens to prepare for a "second difficult march," in an allusion to the famine of the 1990s, an official from the reclusive country revealed Thursday.

You would think that the fertilizer (that bought last weeks summit) and the milk (Korean milk bites anyways) would make this march a little easier...
http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050531/430100000020050531135049E4.html

But NO, instead the DPRK is focusing less on crops (don't let the pic above fool you) and more on their nuclear deterant.
http://english.yna.co.kr/Engnews/20050601/430100000020050601095105E5.html
U.S. intercepts nuclear, chemical materials to N. Korea
Good on them ;)
Who needs food when you have nukes anyways right?

I doubt it

Although a "united front" in dealing with the DPRK would be nice, I canot imagine a time where the South AND the US are sending aid while China pushes its brethren away. Politically, it just won't happen.
http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200506/200506030024.html
China Could Stop Food Aid if Pyongyang Tests Nuke
China has told North Korea it could suspend food aid if the impoverished country goes ahead with a nuclear test, Japan's Kyodo News reported Friday.
The agency quoted a U.S. government official and a source familiar with the situation in China as saying Beijing would consider suspending food aid, and North Korea "clearly knows China's position."

Chinese food aid makes up about 30-40 percent of North Korea's needs.
The officials said China also considered plans to suspend energy assistance, but in the case of the heavy oil it supplies to North Korea via pipelines, there is a danger that problems could develop should fuel supplies restart later, so this option was ruled out. Kyodo also said China apparently worried that cutting off fuel supplies would impact North Korea so severely that it could threaten the regime itself.

The news agency said many in the U.S. government believed Beijing's temporary suspension of heavy oil supplies in spring 2002 was a decisive reason behind North Korea's willingness to negotiate.

A good lookin' Morlock

Ok, so I've stated before my thougths on the widening gap between the two Korea's. Not just in political or economic fronts but also in the "asthetic" areas.

Well this fine pic might just prove me wrong. /sigh

http://english.chosun.com/w21data/html/news/200506/200506030012.html
Commercial Unites Stars from Both Koreas
TV commercials for Samsung's "Anycall" cell phone featuring North Korean dancer Cho Myong-ae and South Korea's Lee Hyo-lee will hit the airways from June 11. The ad campaign, entitled "Sound of One," is divided into four installments, the first two of which will be simultaneously broadcast until June 24. The storyline takes place against the background of a joint North-South artistic performance, and focuses on the first meeting between Cho and Lee, the curiosity and goodwill they feel toward each other, and their sympathy for one another as young Koreans.